闂�(gu膩n)浜�“鑶藉牽鍙楅珨婵€鍕�(d貌ng)鍔戝拰鎷姉鍔�”鐨勮€冮粸(di菐n)鍏�(n猫i)瀹瑰涓�锛屽ぇ瀹跺彲浠ュ湪閫欐鏅�(sh铆)闁撴帉鎻℃竻妤氥€�

鑶藉牽鍙楅珨婵€鍕�(d貌ng)鍔戝拰鎷姉鍔戯細

涓€銆佽喗鍫垮彈楂旀縺鍕�(d貌ng)鍔�

(涓€)M鑶藉牽鍙楅珨婵€鍕�(d貌ng)鍔�

涔欓叞鑶藉牽(ACh)鏄喗鍫胯兘绁炵稉(j墨ng)閬炶唱(zh矛)锛屼絾鏄箼閰拌喗鍫夸笉鑳芥垚鐐烘不鐧傝棩鐗┿€�

灏�(du矛)涔欓叞鑶藉牽鍒嗗瓙绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓閵ㄥ熀閮ㄥ垎銆佷箼閰板熀閮ㄥ垎鍙婇€ｆ帴瀛ｉ姩鍜岄叝鍩虹殑涓枔浜炰箼鍩哄湗(tu谩n)閫�(j矛n)琛岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)淇＞锛屽緱鍒颁簡涓€绯诲垪M鑶藉牽鍙楅珨婵€鍕�(d貌ng)鍔戙€�

1.M鑶藉牽鍙楅珨婵€鍕�(d貌ng)鍔戠殑妲�(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯�

(1)M鑶藉牽鍙楅珨婵€鍕�(d貌ng)鍔戝垎瀛愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓渶鍏锋湁涓€鍊�(g猫)甯舵闆昏嵎鐨勫熀鍦�(tu谩n)锛屽鐐哄閵ㄧ祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屾椿鎬ф渶楂樸€�

(2)鍒嗗瓙涓闆昏嵎浠ュ鐨勫叾浠栭儴鍒�锛屽父甯舵湁涓€鍊�(g猫)璨�(f霉)闆诲瓙涓績(渚嬪閰熀鎴栦笁閸电瓑)銆�

(3)寮�(qi谩ng)鐨凪鍙楅珨婵€鍕�(d貌ng)鍔戯紝涓€鑸湪瀛ｉ姩姘師瀛愯垏涔�?锛涱姷鈹掕棽婀擃厫鍙堫噣g鐐�5鍊�(g猫)鍘熷瓙銆�

2.M鑶藉牽鍙楅珨婵€鍕�(d貌ng)鍔戠殑閲嶉粸(di菐n)钘ョ墿

姘矟鑶藉牽

纭濋吀姣涙灉钑撻鍫�

姣涙灉钑撻鍫垮叿鏈塎鑶藉牽鍙楅珨婵€鍕�(d貌ng)浣滅敤锛屽皪(du矛)姹楄吅鍜屽斁娑茶吅鐨勪綔鐢ㄨ純澶э紝閫犳垚鐬冲瓟绺皬銆佺溂澹撻檷浣�銆�

鑷ㄥ簥涓婄敤浜庢不鐧傚師鐧�(f膩)鎬ч潚鍏夌溂銆�

(浜�)涔欓叞鑶藉牽閰叾鎶戝埗鍔戣垏鑶藉牽閰叾寰�(f霉)娲诲姂

1.涔欓叞鑶藉牽閰叾鎶戝埗鍔戜綔鐢ㄥ師鐞�

涔欓叞鑶藉牽閰叾(AChE)鎶戝埗鍔戣兘鎶戝埗AChE锛屼娇涔欓叞鑶藉牽鍦ㄧ獊瑙歌檿鐨勬績搴﹀楂橈紝绲�(ji茅)鏋滅敘(ch菐n)鐢熸瘨钑堝牽(M)妯ｅ拰鐓欏牽(N)妯ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屽寮�(qi谩ng)骞跺欢闀蜂簡涔欓叞鑶藉牽鐨勪綔鐢�銆�

鑷ㄥ簥涓婄敤浜庢不鐧傞噸鐧ヨ倢鐒″姏鍜岄潚鍏夌溂銆�

涔欓叞鑶藉牽閰叾鎶戝埗鍔戝寘鎷彲閫嗘€у拰涓嶅彲閫嗘€у叐椤�銆�

(1)鍙€嗘€т箼閰拌喗鍫块叝閰舵姂鍒跺姂

姣掓墎璞嗗牽銆佹捍鍖栨柊鏂殑鏄庡拰姘捍閰稿姞铇粬鏁忕瓑

(2)涓嶅彲閫嗘€т箼閰拌喗鍫块叝閰舵姂鍒跺姂

鍏剁祼(ji茅)鏋滃皫(d菐o)鑷碅Ch鍦ㄩ珨鍏�(n猫i)鍫嗙⿳锛岀櫦(f膩)鐢熶竴绯诲垪涓瘨鐧ョ媭锛屼娇鐢ㄦ檪(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)鐗瑰垾灏忓績闃茶(h霉)锛屼竴鏃︾櫦(f膩)鐢熶腑姣�锛岄渶鍙婃檪(sh铆)鐢ㄨ喗鍫块叝閰跺京(f霉)娲诲姂鏁戞不銆�

2.鑶藉牽閰叾寰�(f霉)娲诲姂

纾烽吀閰涓嶅彲閫嗕箼閰拌喗鍫块叝閰舵姂鍒跺姂涓瘨锛屾槸鐢变簬纾烽吀鍖栦箼閰拌喗鍫块叝閰舵按瑙ｉ€熺巼闈炲父鎱㈤€犳垚鐨�锛屽洜姝わ紝闇€瑕佹瘮姘存洿寮�(qi谩ng)鐨勮Κ鏍告€ц│鍔戞按瑙ｇ７閰搁叝閸�锛屼娇鍏堕噸鏂伴噵鏀惧嚭娲绘€х殑閰躲€�

涓昏钘ョ墿鏈夌瑙ｇ７瀹氬拰姘７瀹�锛岀敤浜庢湁姗�(j墨)纾蜂腑姣掔殑瑙ｆ晳銆�

X=I锛氱瑙ｇ７瀹�;X=Cl锛氭隘纾峰畾銆�

3.閲嶉粸(di菐n)钘ョ墿

纭濋吀姣涙灉钑撻鍫�

鑷ㄥ簥涓婄敤浜庢€ユ€ч枆瑙掑瀷闈掑厜鐪�锛屾參鎬ч枆瑙掑瀷闈掑厜鐪�锛岄枊瑙掑瀷闈掑厜鐪�锛岀辜鐧�(f膩)鎬ч潚鍏夌溂绛夌櫏鐨勬不鐧�銆�

婧村寲鏂版柉鐨勬槑

鏈搧鐐烘姉鑶藉牽閰叾钘ワ紝鐢变簬鐐哄閵ㄩ鍖栧悎鐗�锛岃儍鑵搁亾闆ｄ簬鍚告敹

鑷ㄥ簥涓婄敤浜庨噸鐧ヨ倢鐒″姏鍙婃墜琛�(sh霉)鍚庤吂姘ｈ劰銆佸翱娼寸暀绛夌櫏鐨勬不鐧�銆�

鍔犺槶浠栨晱

寰炵煶钂滅妞嶇墿涓彁鍙栧緱鍒扮殑涓€绋敓鐗╁牽锛屽父鐢ㄥ叾姘捍閰搁菇锛屼綔鐢ㄨ垏鏂版柉鐨勬槑鐩镐技锛岀偤涓€绋暦鏁堣喗鍫块叝閰舵姂鍒跺姂銆�

鑷ㄥ簥涓婄敤浜庢不鐧傚皬鍏掗夯鐥瑰悗閬虹櫏鍙婇噸鐧ヨ倢鐒″姏銆�

鏈搧鏄撻€忛亷琛€鑵﹀睆闅滐紝姝ｅ湪鐮旂┒鐢ㄤ簬娌荤檪鑰佸勾鎬х櫋鍛�銆�

浜�銆佽喗鍫垮彈楂旀嫯鎶楀姂

鑶藉牽鍙楅珨鎷姉鍔戝垎鐐篗鍙楅珨鎷姉鍔戝拰N鍙楅珨鎷姉鍔戯紝閫氬父涔熺ū鐐烘姉鑶藉牽钘�銆�

M鍙楅珨鎷姉鍔戜富瑕佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄨ〃鐝�(xi脿n)鐐烘澗寮涘収(n猫i)鑷熷钩婊戣倢锛屾姂鍒惰吅楂�(鍞炬恫鑵恒€佹睏鑵�銆佽儍鑵�)鍒嗘硨锛屾暎鐬崇瓑銆�

浠ラ樋鎵樺搧鐐轰唬琛�锛屼富瑕佺敤浣滆В鐥欒棩鍜屾暎鐬宠棩銆�

(涓€)M鑶藉牽鍙楅珨鎷姉鍔�

1.M鑶藉牽鍙楅珨鎷姉鍔戠殑椤炲瀷

鍖呮嫭鑼勭鐢熺墿鍫垮拰鍏ㄥ悎鎴怣鑶藉牽鍙楅珨鎷姉鍔�銆�

鑼勭鐢熺墿鍫挎槸寰炶寗绉戞鐗╅鑼勩€佹浖闄€缇�銆佽帹鑿強灞辫帹鑿瓑涓垎闆㈡彁鍙栫殑鐢熺墿鍫匡紝鏈夐樋鎵樺搧銆�(-)-鏉辫帹鑿牽銆佸北鑾ㄨ彧鍫垮拰妯熸煶鍫�銆�

2.鑼勭鐢熺墿鍫块妲�(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯�(灞卞晩鏉�)

姘ф⿱浣垮垎瀛愯Κ鑴傛€у澶э紝涓浣滅敤澧炲挤(qi谩ng)銆�

缇ュ熀浣垮垎瀛愭サ鎬у寮�(qi谩ng)锛屼腑妯炰綔鐢ㄦ笡寮�銆�

鏉辫帹鑿牽鏈夋哀姗嬶紝涓浣滅敤鏈€寮�(qi谩ng)銆�

闃挎墭鍝佺劇姘ф⿱锛岀劇缇ュ熀锛屽儏鏈夎垐濂懠鍚镐腑妯炰綔鐢�銆�

妯熸煶鍫块洊鏈夋哀姗�锛屼絾鑾ㄨ彧閰�α浣嶉倓鏈夌茎鍩猴紝涓浣滅敤寮变簬闃挎墭鍝�銆�

灞辫帹鑿牽鏈�6浣嶇茎鍩猴紝涓浣滅敤鏄渶寮辩殑銆�

3.M鑶藉牽鍙楅珨鎷姉鍔戦噸榛�(di菐n)钘ョ墿

纭吀闃挎墭鍝�

瀛樺湪妞嶇墿楂斿収(n猫i)鐨�(-)-鑾ㄨ彧鍫匡紝鍦ㄦ彁鍙栭亷绋嬩腑閬囬吀鎴栧牽鐧�(f膩)鐢熸秷鏃嬪寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)杞�(zhu菐n)璁�?y艒u)姗ュ簚顛筋憸w锛屽嵆鐐洪樋鎵樺搧銆�

鍒嗗瓙涓惈鏈夐叝閸碉紝鍦ㄥ牽鎬ф浠朵笅鏄撴按瑙�锛岃€屽湪寮遍吀鎬у拰杩戜腑鎬ф浠朵笅杓冪┅(w臎n)瀹氾紝pH3.5锝�4.0鏈€绌�(w臎n)瀹�銆�

闃挎墭鍝佽兘瑙ｉ櫎骞虫粦鑲岀棛鏀�锛屽彲鐢ㄤ簬娌荤檪鍚勭ó椤炲瀷鐨勫収(n猫i)鑷熺禐鐥�銆侀夯閱夊墠绲﹁棩鍙婃暎鐬崇瓑;

鍙姂鍒惰吅楂斿垎娉岋紝鍙敤浜庢不鐧傜洔姹�;

鏈夋姉蹇冨緥澶卞父鍜屾姉浼戝厠浣滅敤锛岃嚚搴婄敤浜庢不鐧傚悇绋劅鏌撲腑姣掓€т紤鍏嬪拰蹇冨嫊(d貌ng)閬庣珐;

閭勫彲浠ョ敤浜庢湁姗�(j墨)纾蜂腑姣掓檪(sh铆)鐨勮В鏁�銆�

(蹇冭鑵哄钩鐬�)

鍝屼緰瑗垮钩

鍝屼緰瑗垮钩鏄竴绋伕鎿囨€鑶藉牽鍙楅珨鎷姉鍔�銆�

鑸囧叾浠栫稉(j墨ng)鍏告姉鑶藉牽钘ヤ笉鍚�锛屾不鐧傚姂閲忔檪(sh铆)閬告搰鎬у湴闃绘柗榛忚啘涓婄殑M鍙楅珨锛屾帶鍒惰儍閰稿垎娉岋紝鑰屽皪(du矛)鑳冭吀閬撳钩婊戣倢銆佸斁娑茶吅鍒嗘硨銆佸績琛€绠°€佺灣瀛斿拰娉屽翱鍔熻兘褰遍熆寰堝皬銆�

鐢变簬瀹冮洠閫忛亷琛€鑵﹀睆闅滐紝灏�(du矛)涓绁炵稉(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)鍓綔鐢ㄥ皬銆�

(浜�)N1銆丯2鑶藉牽鍙楅珨鎷姉鍔�

1.鍏╅N鑶藉牽鍙楅珨闃绘柗鍔�

N1鑶藉牽鍙楅珨闃绘柗鍔�锛屼篃甯歌绋辩偤绁炵稉(j墨ng)绡€(ji茅)闃绘柗鍔�;

N2鑶藉牽鍙楅珨闃绘柗鍔戯紝鍙堝父琚ū鐐虹缍�(j墨ng)鑲岃倝闃绘柗鍔�;

绁炵稉(j墨ng)绡€(ji茅)闃绘柗鍔戦樆鏂风缍�(j墨ng)娌栧嫊(d貌ng)鍦ㄨ嚜涓荤缍�(j墨ng)绡€(ji茅)涓殑鍌抽仦锛岃嚚搴婁笂鐢ㄤ綔闄嶅钘�銆�

绁炵稉(j墨ng)鑲岃倝闃绘柗鍔�锛屽張绋遍楠艰倢鏉惧紱钘�锛岀啊绋辫倢鏉捐棩銆�

鑷ㄥ簥涓婄敤浣滆紨鍔╅夯閱�锛岀暥(d膩ng)鑸囧叏楹昏棩鍚堢敤鏅�(sh铆)鍙互娓涘皯鍏ㄩ夯钘ョ敤閲忥紝鍦ㄨ純娣虹殑鍏ㄨ韩楹婚唹涓嬩娇鑲岃倝鏉惧紱锛屼究浜庢墜琛�(sh霉)閫�(j矛n)琛屻€�

2.N2鑶藉牽鍙楅珨鎷姉鍔戦噸榛�(di菐n)钘ョ墿

娉韩婧撮姩

鏈搧鍏锋湁闆勭斁鐑锋瘝鏍�锛岀劇闆勬縺绱犳ǎ浣滅敤銆傛湰鍝佸瘜鍚墜鎬х⒊鍘熷瓙锛屾按婧舵恫鍛堝彸鏃�;鏈搧绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓閵ㄩ菇鐨�β浣嶆湁鍚搁浕瀛愬熀鍦�(tu谩n)涔欓叞姘у熀鍙栦唬锛屽皪(du矛)鐔变笉绌�(w臎n)瀹�锛屾槗浜庣櫦(f膩)鐢烪offmann娑堥櫎鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�

鐢ㄤ簬澶栫鎵嬭(sh霉)鏅�(sh铆)浣胯倢鑲夋澗寮�銆�

姘寲鐞ョ弨鑶藉牽

鏈搧绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓湁閰嵉锛屾槗鐧�(f膩)鐢熸按瑙ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�

姘惀鐝€鑶藉牽鐐轰簩鍏冪晶閰搁叝锛屾按瑙ｆ檪(sh铆)鍒嗘閫�(j矛n)琛�锛屾渶鍚庣敓鎴�2鍒嗗瓙姘寲鑶藉牽鍜�1鍒嗗瓙鐞ョ弨閰�銆�

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